State law classifies theft offenses based on the value of the stolen property and other specific factors. Understanding these distinctions is essential for anyone looking to grasp the differences between petty theft and grand theft in the state.
Petty theft under Missouri law
Petty theft, commonly referred to as misdemeanor theft, involves property or services valued at less than $750. Statutes categorize these offenses as Class A misdemeanors, carrying penalties of up to one year in jail and fines up to $2,000. Examples of petty theft include shoplifting inexpensive items or taking personal property without permission.
In some cases, petty theft charges can escalate if aggravating factors exist, such as multiple prior convictions. These enhancements may result in harsher penalties despite the lower value of the stolen property.
Grand theft under Missouri law
Grand theft, or felony theft, involves property or services valued at $750 or more. State laws further categorize grand theft based on the total value:
- Class D felony: Theft of property valued between $750 and $25,000, punishable by up to seven years in prison and significant fines.
- Class C felony: Theft exceeding $25,000, potentially resulting in 3 to 10 years of imprisonment.
Certain circumstances elevate a theft charge to a felony, even if the value is below $750. For instance, stealing firearms, credit cards, or motor vehicles automatically qualifies as grand theft under the law. These higher penalties reflect the serious nature of such offenses.
Why these distinctions matter
The approach to theft laws ensures penalties match the severity of the crime. Whether a theft charge is classified as petty or grand theft can influence the penalties, restitution requirements, and future opportunities for the accused. If someone faces theft allegations, understanding these laws and their potential consequences can help inform their next steps.